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　Moreover, I would have to imagine combinations I would require in order to exhaustively analyze the selected themes. I will devise a way to create categories such as bottom up and top down, theory and practice, general and special, linguistic information and non-verbal information, strong and weak and so on.

Table 2

・Analytic combinations Description
・Bottom up and top down The way to move from specialized information to overall image and vice versa.
・Theory and practice This method of analysis is applied to all research areas. With regard to the linguistic analysis, for instance, the logical grammar of Montague is the theory and the training of translation is the practice.
・General and special　I would effect a general understanding and a special interpretation by analyzing a literary work. The former is an acceptance, and the latter is a synergy.
・Linguistic information and non-verbal information The former is the information that is transferred through language; the latter is non-verbal information including feelings, thought, and judgment.
・Strong and weak The level of components does not have to be equal. When one sets both elements to strong, it is difficult to develop the theme because one persists in the same combination.

　I accommodated such combinations in my mind and wrote an introduction to calculation literature by analyzing Thomas Mann’s The Magic Mountain, “A Madman’s Diary” and The True Story of Ah Q by Luxun, and Ogai Mori’s “Sansho the Bailiff” and “Jingoro Sahahsi.”

Hanamura（2018）”How to make a synergic metaphor”より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura

シナジーのメタファー3

2.3　Synergic training

　I describe the ensemble of combinations as the synergic training for the specialist of arts because the research subject of synergy consists of original combinations. For example, when one opens and closes the palm or straightens and folds the elbow, it is called exercise synergy. I will consider the following three steps as the training of synergy to deal with the combinations as much as possible.
　First I will decide the research direction by selecting any combination of the above synergic combinations in 2.1. Next, I will consider items such as arts and brain science, micro and macro, contrasting and comparative language and literature, East and West, to make the theme that will lead to the model L from the selected combination. “Thomas Mann and fuzzy” would thus become the combination of German language and artificial intelligence and “Lu Xun and chaos” would denote the combination of Chinese language and memory or mental disease. There is also a combination of the study of both Western and Eastern fiction.

Table 1

・Thematic combinations Description
・Arts and science I compare the models of arts and science while reading a roman or a novel.
・Humanities and social sciences I accommodate literature and data handling.
・Language and literature
(contrasting or comparative) I analyze literary works within the framework of contrasting or comparative linguistics.
・The East and the West I think about the different ways of thought that are shown in the East and the West. For example, abduction; Eastern and Western philosophy; the differences in the politics, law, and economy by countries and regions; oriental medicine and western medicine, etc.
・Base and application First, I make the L model (horizontal and vertical) based on a work of an author. Second, I compare it to the L model of another author.　
・Traditional technique and advanced technique Humanities philosophy and symbiotic philosophy (textual symbiosis). Multiple combinations of textual symbiosis are necessary to erase the black box (non-special expertise).
・Micro and macro Micro means the accommodation of major subject and macro means the study of the global scale and the shift of format.

Hanamura（2018）”How to make a synergic metaphor”より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura

シナジーのメタファー3

　Lu Xun’s style is calm and unhurried and he mostly wrote short stories and essays. I interpreted “A madman’s diary” and “The true story of Ah Q” as “memory and ma-ma-hu-hu.” I repeated the analysis and the generation of the L structure for a scene to approach the generative image “memory and chaos.” I see unpredictable behavior in a state of disorder as “ma-ma-hu-hu” (non-linearity) and the transition from the approximate input of Ah Q pulled around the town and the cart driver to an entirely different output (indeterminate).
　Ogai Mori wrote his historical fiction in a colloquial style after the deaths of the Meiji Emperor and General Maresuke Mogi. History romans are divided into inducement and emergence. For example, the reading brain of “Sansho the Bailiff” of Ogai Mori is inducement and the reading brain of “Jingoro Sahashi” is emergence. I combined the emotions of inducement + emergence into a single feeling and added to this the sense of respect as translated into behavior. This construct I named is the writing brain of Ogai Mori. I then merged the reading and writing brain of the author and used variations to deal with the relational database.
　When I compare these three authors by utilizing the L format, it becomes clear that the works of fiction discussed above include medical information. Therefore, the standard reading that an author would deliver to a reader leads to a synergic metaphor by looking for a signal with the combination of “language and medicine” that is passed within the brain.

Hanamura（2018）”How to make a synergic metaphor”より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura

シナジーのメタファー3

2.2　Comparative literature by format L

　An author may sometimes write a roman with the purpose of avoiding risk as much as an aviation expert, a practitioner of emergency medicine, or a stock market guru. Thomas Mann (1875–1955), for example, wrote his novels and articles to express his unease about the stagnation of German development in the early part of 20th century. Lu Xun (1881–1936) also wrote his fiction to relieve the Chinese people from a mental disease called ma-ma-hu-hu (human irresponsibility including fraud). Ogai Mori (1862–1922) wrote historical narratives to preserve the romance of Japan’s feudal past and to reject the commonly modern equality of the future after the death of the Meiji Emperor and General Maresuke Mogi.
　The style of Thomas Mann is rooted in irony. Mann always leaves gaps in his realism as a condition of his prose so that he can criticize reality even while he illustrates it. The ironic distance becomes limited by the character of the medium of language even if one could write the world as exactly and objectively as possible. The fuzzy logic of Lotfi Zadeh maintains that one cannot write the exact system if it becomes more complex.
　Both sides have limitations. Objectivity may be lost in the tracing of an object with depth. At the same time, a mere superficial description may be objective but inadequate. I perceive the reading brain of “The magic mountain” as “irony and fuzzy” and then the synergic reading becomes “fuzzy and neural.” I extracted “fuzzy logic” as the writing brain of Thomas Mann.　

Hanamura（2018）”How to make a synergic metaphor”より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura

シナジーのメタファー3

1　What is a synergic metaphor?

　The analysis of literature is concerned with the interpreting mind of a reader, while a synergic metaphor is the macro analysis method used to research the writing brain of an author. Basically, I use the image of an “L” to denote the reading brain on its vertical arm and to horizontally represent the writing brain. I then create a database by reading each scene like the character L. Next, I build an ensemble of many combinations to merge both cognitive activities and look for the path of a signal within the brain.
　The synergic metaphors that I have considered include “Thomas Mann and fuzzy,” “Lu Xun and chaos,” “Ogai Mori and feelings,” and “Nadine Gordimer and motivation.” On those occasions, I discussed the writing style of the authors and defined a scene of problem resolution as my subject. In this paper, I will investigate Nadine Gordimer’s romans and Yasushi Inoue with regard to the global magnitude (four points of the compass) and the shift of format from the cognitive science of an inverted T to an L arrangement.

Hanamura（2018）”How to make a synergic metaphor”より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura

シナジーのメタファー3

1　What is a synergic metaphor?

　The analysis of literature is concerned with the interpreting mind of a reader, while a synergic metaphor is the macro analysis method used to research the writing brain of an author. Basically, I use the image of an “L” to denote the reading brain on its vertical arm and to horizontally represent the writing brain. I then create a database by reading each scene like the character L. Next, I build an ensemble of many combinations to merge both cognitive activities and look for the path of a signal within the brain.
　The synergic metaphors that I have considered include “Thomas Mann and fuzzy,” “Lu Xun and chaos,” “Ogai Mori and feelings,” and “Nadine Gordimer and motivation.” On those occasions, I discussed the writing style of the authors and defined a scene of problem resolution as my subject. In this paper, I will investigate Nadine Gordimer’s romans and Yasushi Inoue with regard to the global magnitude (four points of the compass) and the shift of format from the cognitive science of an inverted T to an L arrangement.

Hanamura（2018）”How to make a synergic metaphor”より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura

シナジーのメタファー3

4　まとめ

　宮本百合子の執筆時の脳の活動を調べるために、まず受容と共生からなるＬのストーリーを文献により組み立てた。次に、「播州平野」のＬのストーリーをデータベース化し、最後に文献で留めたところを実験で確認した。そのため、テキスト共生によるシナジーのメタファーについては、一応の研究成果が得られている。

　この種の実験をおよそ100人の作家で試みている。その際、日本人と外国人60人対40人、男女比4対1、ノーベル賞作家30人を目安に対照言語が独日であることから非英語の比較を意識してできるだけ日本語以外で英語が突出しないように心掛けている。

参考文献

花村嘉英　計算文学入門－Thomas Mannのイロニーはファジィ推論といえるのか？　新風舎　2005
花村嘉英　从认知语言学的角度浅析鲁迅作品－魯迅をシナジーで読む　華東理工大学出版社　2015
花村嘉英　日语教育计划书－面向中国人的日语教学法与森鸥外小说的数据库应用　日本語教育のためのプログラム－中国語話者向けの教授法から森鴎外のデータベースまで　南京東南大学出版社　2017
花村嘉英　从认知语言学的角度浅析纳丁・戈迪默－ナディン・ゴーディマと意欲　華東理工大学出版社　2018
花村嘉英　シナジーのメタファーの作り方－トーマス・マン、魯迅、森鴎外、ナディン・ゴーディマ、井上靖　 中国日語教学研究会上海分会論文集　2018 　
花村嘉英　川端康成の「雪国」に見る執筆脳について-「無と創造」から「目的達成型の認知発達」へ　 中国日語教学研究会上海分会論文集　2019
花村嘉英　社会学の観点からマクロの文学を考察する－危機管理者としての作家について　中国日語教学研究会上海分会論文集　2020
花村嘉英　社会学の観点からマクロの文学を考察する－自然や文化の観察者としての作家について　ブログ「シナジーのメタファー」2020　
宮本百合子　播州平野（解説　小田切進）旺文社文庫　1977

シナジーのメタファー3

表3　情報の認知

Ａ　表2と同じ。 情報の認知1　2、情報の認知2　2、情報の認知3　2
Ｂ　表2と同じ。 情報の認知1　3、情報の認知2　2、情報の認知3　2
Ｃ　表2と同じ。 情報の認知1　3、情報の認知2　2、情報の認知3　2
Ｄ　表2と同じ。 情報の認知1　3、情報の認知2　2、情報の認知3　2
Ｅ　表2と同じ。 情報の認知1　2、情報の認知2　2、情報の認知3　1

Ａ：情報の認知1は②グループ化、情報の認知2は②新情報、情報の認知3は②問題未解決から推論へである。
Ｂ：情報の認知1は③その他の条件、情報の認知2は②新情報、情報の認知3は②問題未解決から推論へである。
Ｃ：情報の認知1は③その他の条件、情報の認知2は②新情報、情報の認知3は②問題未解決から推論へである。
Ｄ：情報の認知1は③その他の条件、情報の認知2は②新情報、情報の認知3は②問題未解決から推論へである。
Ｅ：情報の認知1は③その他の条件、情報の認知2は②新情報、情報の認知3は①計画から問題解決へである。 　　　

結果 　

　宮本百合子は、この場面で妻が一家の支柱とならざるを得ない事情から日本の女の心持ちを描こうとし、過去にない試みとして日本の歴史の胎動を考えているため、購読脳の「壊れた人間性の恢復と未来の勝利」から「意思と追求」という執筆脳の組を引き出すことができる。　

花村嘉英（2020）「宮本百合子の『播州平野』の執筆脳について」より

シナジーのメタファー3

【連想分析2】

情報の認知1（感覚情報） 　
　感覚器官からの情報に注目することから、対象の捉え方が問題になる。また、記憶に基づく感情は、扁桃体と関係しているため、条件反射で無意識に素振りに出てしまう。このプロセルのカラムの特徴は、①ベースとプロファイル、②グループ化、③その他の条件である。

情報の認知2（記憶と学習） 　
　外部からの情報を既存の知識構造へ組み込む。この新しい知識はスキーマと呼ばれ、既存の情報と共通する特徴を持っている。未知の情報は、またカテゴリー化される。このプロセスは、経験を通した学習になる。このプロセルのカラムの特徴は、①旧情報、②新情報である。

情報の認知3（計画、問題解決、推論） 　
　受け取った情報は、計画を立てるプロセスでも役に立つ。その際、目的に応じて問題を分析し、解決策を探っていく。しかし、獲得した情報が完全でない場合は、推論が必要になる。このプロセルのカラムの特徴は、①計画から問題解決へ、②問題未解決から推論へである。

花村嘉英（2020）「宮本百合子の『播州平野』の執筆脳について」より

シナジーのメタファー3

分析例

1　日本の女性の感情がテーマになる。
2　この小論では、「播州平野」の執筆脳を「意思と追求」と考えているため、意味3の思考の流れ、追求に注目する。 　
3　意味1①視覚②聴覚③味覚④嗅覚⑤触覚 、意味2 ①喜②怒③哀④楽、意味3異化①あり②なし、意味4振舞い ①直示②隠喩③記事なし 　
4　人工知能 ①意思、②追求　 　　　

テキスト共生の公式 　　　　

ステップ1：意味1、2、3、4を合わせて解析の組「壊れた人間性の恢復と未来の勝利」を作る。
ステップ2：過去にない試みとして日本の歴史の胎動を描いているため、「意思と追求」という組を作り、解析の組と合わせる。 　

Ａ：①視覚＋③哀＋②なし＋①直示という解析の組を、①意思＋②追及という組と合わせる。
Ｂ：①視覚＋③哀＋②なし＋①直示という解析の組を、①意思＋②追及という組と合わせる。 　
Ｃ：②聴覚＋②怒＋②なし＋①直示という解析の組を、①意思＋②追及という組と合わせる。　
Ｄ：①視覚＋③哀＋①あり＋①直示という解析の組を、①意思＋②追及という組と合わせる。
Ｅ：①視覚＋①喜＋①あり＋①直示という解析の組を、①意思＋②追及という組と合わせる。 　　　

結果　 表2については、テキスト共生の公式が適用される。

花村嘉英（2020）「宮本百合子の『播州平野』の執筆脳について」より

シナジーのメタファー3